Emerging Threathighexperimental

RedSun - Conhost.exe Spawned by TieringEngineService.exe

Detects two stages of the RedSun post-exploitation process chain that deliver a SYSTEM-level shell to the attacker's interactive session. Observed process chain services.exe → TieringEngineService.exe → conhost.exe (SYSTEM, CommandLine: bare path, no arguments) → cmd.exe / shell (SYSTEM, TerminalSessionId = attacker's session) Stage 1 — TieringEngineService.exe spawns argument-less conhost.exe: After winning the oplock + Cloud Files mount point race, the malicious TieringEngineService.exe (RedSun.exe copied to System32, started via CoCreateInstance / services.exe) detects it is NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM and calls LaunchConsoleInSessionId(). This opens \\.\pipe\REDSUN, reads the attacker's session ID, duplicates the SYSTEM token, re-stamps it with that session ID via SetTokenInformation(TokenSessionId), then calls CreateProcessAsUser to spawn conhost.exe with no arguments. Stage 2 — Shell spawned from rogue conhost.exe (EDR sources with GrandParentImage): The rogue SYSTEM conhost.exe spawns a shell (cmd.exe, PowerShell, etc.) as SYSTEM in the attacker's interactive session. On EDR sources that expose GrandParentImage, the full three-level chain (TieringEngineService.exe → conhost.exe → shell) can be matched directly. The legitimate TieringEngineService.exe is a headless COM server that is unlikely to spawn conhost.exe under normal conditions.

Convert In Phoenix Studio

Open this Sigma rule in the converter with the YAML preloaded and ready for backend selection.

Launch
Swachchhanda Shrawan Poudel (Nextron Systems)Created Fri Apr 172ad78473-6978-40f5-b8f1-89c7e1c27a1a2026
Emerging Threat
Active Threat

Developed to detect an active or emerging threat. Prioritize investigation of any alerts and correlate with threat intelligence.

Log Source
WindowsProcess Creation
ProductWindows← raw: windows
CategoryProcess Creation← raw: process_creation

Events generated when a new process is spawned on the system. Covers command-line arguments, parent/child relationships, and process metadata.

Definition

Requirements: By default the process_creation type event might not contain the GrandParentImage. Make sure you collect such fields in order to use this rule

Detection Logic
Detection Logic2 selectors
detection:
    # Stage 1: TieringEngineService.exe (malicious) spawns conhost.exe with no arguments
    selection_tiering_to_conhost:
        ParentImage|endswith: '\TieringEngineService.exe'
        Image|endswith: '\conhost.exe'
        CommandLine|endswith: 'conhost.exe"'
        User|contains:
            - 'AUTHORI'
            - 'AUTORI'
            - '$'
    # Stage 2: full three-level chain for EDR sources that expose GrandParentImage
    # GrandParent=TieringEngineService.exe, Parent=conhost.exe, Image=shell process
    selection_shell_full_chain:
        GrandParentImage|endswith: '\TieringEngineService.exe'
        ParentImage|endswith: '\conhost.exe'
        Image|endswith:
            - '\cmd.exe'
            - '\powershell_ise.exe'
            - '\powershell.exe'
            - '\pwsh.exe'
        User|contains:
            - 'AUTHORI'
            - 'AUTORI'
            - '$'
    condition: 1 of selection_*
False Positives
Unknown

False positive likelihood has not been assessed. Additional context may be needed during triage.

Rule Metadata
Rule ID
2ad78473-6978-40f5-b8f1-89c7e1c27a1a
Status
experimental
Level
high
Type
Emerging Threat
Created
Fri Apr 17
Path
rules-emerging-threats/2026/Exploits/RedSun/proc_creation_win_redsun_conhost_via_tiering_engine.yml
Raw Tags
attack.privilege-escalationattack.t1134.002attack.defense-evasionattack.t1036.005detection.emerging-threats
View on GitHub